Multiple-cylinder pump.



No. 722,240. v PATENTBD MAR. 10, 1903..

W. H. MILLSPAUGH..

MULTIPLE CYLINDER PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13, 1902.

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WVILLIAM HULSE MILLSPAUGH, OF SALEM, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE SAN- DUSKY FOUNDRY AND MACHINE COMPANY, OF SANDUSKY, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF \VEST VIRGINIA.

MULTIPLE-CYLINDER PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 722,240, dated March 10, 1903. Application filed September 18,1902. Serial No. 123,847. (No model.)

To to whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM HULSE MILLs- PAUGH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salem, in the county of Oolumbiana and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Multiple- Cylinder Pumps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others to skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to multiple-cylinder pumps, and particularly that type of pumps characterized by communicating suction and discharge cylinders with pistons or plungers therein connected together, so as to reciprocate simultaneously, and valves, either in the pistons or elsewhere, arranged so that water is forced out from the discharge-cylinder alternately by the two pistons, but at every stroke. In double-barrel pumps of this character a substantially uniform flow and constant pressure is obtained, since the water is always acted upon by one piston or the other; but in the usual constructions of such apparatus the reaction on each piston is transmitted to but one side of the operating-pitman and cross-head, to which the pistons are connected, so that on the upstroke there is a downward pull at one side of the cross-head, while on the downstroke there is an upward force on the opposite side, which is an obvious disadvantage, diminishing thestrength of the operating mechanism, tending to cause binding of the cross-head or other parts, and requiring greater power to work the pump. A construction of similar pumping apparatus has heretofore been devised with suction and discharge cylinders communicating at both ends and with two pistons on one rod in each cylinder, the arrangement being such that on both the up and down stroke one piston in each cylinder forces out the water while the other remains inactive, each cylinder thus having a double action within itself. Such construction equalizes the strains on the operating-pitman and cross-head; but it is objectionable, since the length of the cylinders is necessarily increased and the pumping part of the apparatus correspondingly elevated,

while the pu1np,with its driving mechanism, is as a whole rendered less stable, and the pumping parts, particularly the lower pistons, are made less accessible.

The principal object of the present i nvention is to provide an efficient pump of the character described in'which all strains and forces will be equalized, but without any of the objectionable features noted. This is accomplished byemploying two suction-cylinders, set diametrically opposite the line of travel of the center of the cross-head to which the pump piston-rods are attached, and two similarlydisposed discharge-cylinders, each suctioncylinder communicating with a corresponding discharge-cylinder. The several cylinders are preferably set at the same distance from said line of travel of the center of the crosshead, and hence on both the upstroke and downstroke all strains and forces on the pitman and cross-head are equalized. This arrangement also doubles the pumping capacity of the apparatus while using but one drivingshaft, crank, and pitman and While taking up scarcely any greater floor-space than would be occupied by a double-cylinderpump,with its operating or driving mechanism. Furthermore, a double-cylinder pump of the vertical type requires a heavy bed or base for the frame which supports the driving mechanism in order to give stability to the apparatus, while in a pump of the present construction the four cylinders, arranged in the manner indicated, constitute in themselves a firm and substantial base on which the frame for the driving mechanism may be mounted directly.

The invention will first be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings and will then be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In said drawings, in which corresponding parts in the several views are designated by the same symbols of reference, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a vertical multiple-cylinder pump embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan View of the pump portion of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section thereof, taken just below the pump-cylinders, as indicated by lines III III in Fig. 4.; and

Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical sections taken, respectively, on line IV IV and V V of Fig. 2 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

In the drawings the numeral 1 refers to standards or frame members rising from 0pposite sides of the pumping portion of the apparatus and supporting the driving mechanism therefor. tensions or brackets at the front of said standards is a shaft 3, with pulleys 4t thereon, one of which'is loose and the other fast for the application of power. This shaft has a pinion 5 in mesh with a gear-wheel 6 on the pump-driving shaft 7, which is journaled in bearings 8 on the standards. Said drivingshaft is provided between said standards with a crank 9, connected by pitman 10 with a cross-head 12, which works directly above the pump barrels or cylinders and between vertical guides 11 on the inner sides of the standards.

The four pump barrels or cylinders are designated by the symbols 0', C C and C and are shown arranged in the form of a square and rising vertically from a low box or casing B, having an inlet or suction orifice I at the front and an outlet or discharge orifice O at the rear and also having communication with the several cylinders, as hereinafter explained. Said cylinders and box, which are preferably formed or cast integrally, constitute a firm and substantial base for the whole apparatus, and, as shown, the standards 1 are rigidly secured to opposite sides thereof at flat thickened portions of the cylinders.

. Pistons-P, P P and P work in the correspondingly-numbered cylinders, and their rods R pass through suitable stuffing-boxes in the upper cylinder-heads and are attached to the crosshead 12, the arrangement, preferably, being such that all of said rods join said cross-head at equal distances from its center. The upper cylinder-heads are shown detachable for the purpose of inserting or withdrawing the pistons and for access into the cylinders and the box or casing beneath.

In the pump illustrated the diagonally-disposed cylinders O and O communicate at their lower ends with the inlet or suction orifice I, while the intermediate and diagonallydisposed cylinders O and C communicate with the outlet or discharge orifice 0. To accomplish this, the lower box or casing B is i'nteriorly divided by means of a partition 13 into two separate chambers or compartments S and D, the first having the suction-orifice and the latter the discharge orifice. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, this partition 13 extends from the left-hand side of casing B, passing first between cylinders O and O thence in a U-shaped curve under the central portion of cylinder 0 thence in a return curve between cylinders C and C and on to the rear wall of the casing. Thus the suction-chamber S has spaces 14: and 16 beneath the lower open ends of suction-cylinders G Journaled in bearings 2 on exthe'discharge-chamber D has a space 17 beneath said discharge-cylinder the lower end of which is open above said space, and a space 18 beneath the lower open end of the other discharge-cylinder 0 (See Figs. 3, 4, and 5.) It is obvious that, instead of the arrangement represented, cylinders O and C could be suction-cylinders and O and 0 discharge-cylinders, in which case the location of partition 13 would have to be changed to conform.

Cylinders 0 and C communicate at their upper ends by means of a passage 19, and cylinders O and C likewise communicate by means of a passage 20, though, if preferred, the arrangement could be changed so as to connect cylinders C O and C 0", it being only essential that each suction-cylinder communicate with one discharge-cylinder, and vice versa.

The pistons of all the cylinders are shown having suitable ports controlled by valves V, V V and V, respectively, the valves of the pistons in the suction-cylinders opening upwardly and those of the discharge-cylinders opening downwardly.

In Fig. 4 the pistons P and P in the suction and discharge cylinders at the front of the apparatus are represented on the upstroke, while in Fig. 5 the pistons P and P in the rear suction and discharge cylinders are represented on the downstroke. It will be understood, however, that all the pistons move simultaneously both on the up and down strokes, being all connected to the same cross-head.

On the upstroke of the several pistons water is drawn into suction-cylinders C and O by pistons P and P while the water already in said suction-cylinders above said pistons, together with the water in the discharge-cylinders C and C, is forced out from the latter, flowing through the open valves in pistons P and P, which during such upstroke remain inactive so far as moving the water is concerned. On the downstroke water is forced out by pistons 15 and P in the discharge-cylinders,and said pistons also draw water behind them from the suctioncylinders, the water flowing up into the latter during such downstroke through the open valves in the inactive pistons P and P By reason of the arrangement of the cylininders, suction and discharge chambers, and connecting-passages described not only is a double pumping capacity obtained with but one driving-shaft, crank, and pitman and without noticeable increase of floor-space, but on both the upstroke and downstroke of the pistons equal strains and forces are exerted at diametrically opposite sides and substantially at equal distances from the line of travel of the center of the cross-head.

The action described herein could also be accomplished by using solid plungers in the suction-cylinders and arranging the valves in the cylinder-walls with suitable communication with the suction-chamber or inlet-orifice. Hence the invention is not limited to the present specific embodiment, nor is it limited to the vertical type, as illustrated.

Having thus fully described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of United States, is

1. In a pump, the combination with a reciprocating device, of two diametrically opposite cylinders communicating at one end with the suction orifice or passage, and two intermediate and diametrically opposite cylinders communicating at the same end with the discharge orifice or passage, the suctioncylinders communicating with the dischargecylinders at the other end, pistons in said cylinders connected to said reciprocating device so as to work simultaneously, and valves in said pistons, those in the pistons of the suction-cylinders opening in the opposite direction to those in the pistons of the dischargecylinders.

2. In a pump, the combination of four cylinders arranged in the form of a square, with pistons therein connected together to reciprocate simultaneously, one diagonallydisposed pair of cylinders communicating with the suction passage or orifice at one end and the other diagonally-disposed pair of cylinders likewise communicating with the discharge passage or orifice, the suction cylinders comunicating with the discharge-cylinders at the other end, and a system of valves whereby water is continually pumped through said cylinders, being actively moved by the pistons in the suction-cylinders on one stroke and by the pistons in the dischargecylinders on the return stroke. I

3. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a casing interiorly divided into separate suction and discharge chambers, four cylinders extending endwise therefrom and arranged in the form of a square, one diagonally-disposed pair thereof communicating with the suction-chamber and the other pair with the discharge-chamber, the suction cylinders communicating at their other ends with the discharge-cylinders, with pistons in said cylinders connected together to work simultaneously, and asuitable system of valves, substantially as described.

4. In a'vertical pump of the character described, the combination of four upright cylinders arranged in the form of a square and rigidly joined together, one diagonally-disposed pair being suction-cylinders and communicating with the other pair whichare discharge-cylinders, with pistons in said cylinders and a suitable system of valves, standards rising from opposite sides of the group of cylinders and secured thereto, a reciproeating device to which all the piston-rods are attached working in guides between said standards, and driving mechanism therefor mounted on said standards.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM HULSE llIILLSPAUG-ll. lVitnesses:

M. S. HAWKINS, CHARLES MOMILLAN. 

